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What's going on, and why we're not backing down

In March 2026, NIH filed a unit clarification petition arguing that Fellows are not employees, but trainees, and should be removed from the bargaining unit. If NIH prevails, UAW 2750's represented unit would effectively fall to zero. We've had our hearing, and the transcript is now public. Now we're waiting on a ruling. Here's the full picture: what NIH said, what came before it, and why this fight matters for the people and careers that make biomedical research possible.

NIH research fellow speaking through a megaphone at a Fellows organizing rally on the NIH Bethesda campus, with Building 1 behind him.
NIH Fellows organizing on the Bethesda campus, June 2023. Photo: Melissa Lyttle for Nature. Source ↗
2023
97.8% yes
Fellows vote to form UAW 2750
2024
98.3% yes
First contract ratified
2026
Unit clarification pending
NIH seeks to remove all Fellows from the bargaining unit

How we got here

The dispute in front of the FLRA didn't appear out of nowhere. Fellows organized, won recognition, bargained a contract, and then NIH filed a unit clarification petition seeking to remove Fellows from the bargaining unit.

97.8%voted yes

Fellows vote to form a union

NIH Fellows voted overwhelmingly for union representation. The Federal Labor Relations Authority certified the bargaining unit in December 2023, covering roughly 5,000 Fellows. 01

NIH Fellows holding UAW Stand Up signs calling for fair pay for science and guaranteed Fellows healthcare.
NIH Fellows organizing for a first contract
98.3%ratified the contract

Fellows win a first contract

The agreement established enforceable gains on pay, benefits, leave, health and safety, harassment protections, workload, immigration-related protections, and a grievance process with neutral arbitration. 02 03

NIH Fellows holding a large Contract Now banner and UAW signs outside an NIH building.
Fellows rally during first-contract bargaining

The broader research environment shifts

NIH attempted to sharply limit indirect-cost reimbursement that supports core university and research operations. A federal court later blocked the policy. 04

UAW 2750 members rallying outside the Department of Health and Human Services during a February 2025 action defending research jobs and funding
UAW 2750 members rally outside HHS amid federal pressure on research jobs and funding, February 2025

NIH files a unit clarification petition

In an email sent to UAW 2750's elected local president, NIH said the bargaining unit “should never have been certified” and filed a unit clarification petition arguing that Fellows are trainees rather than employees. If NIH prevails, all Fellows would be removed from the bargaining unit, effectively reducing UAW 2750's represented unit to zero, despite a collective bargaining agreement set to run through 2027. 05 06 12

NIH email · March 2, 2026
“The NIH/UAW bargaining unit should never have been certified.”
Email sent to UAW 2750's elected local president. View the email ↗
NOWregional FLRA

Hearing held, decision pending

We've made our case. The regional FLRA decision is pending. In the meantime, Fellows are continuing to organize, enforce their rights, and act collectively around the conditions of their work.


What does the research show about unions?

The case at the FLRA is one fight. The larger question is why researchers across higher education and biomedical science have organized in the first place, and what collective bargaining can mean for the people trying to build sustainable careers in research.

Better research careers are a union issue

Pay, benefits, mentoring, immigration status, workplace protections, and career stability shape who can remain in biomedical research and under what conditions. Unionization gives early-career researchers a collective way to bargain over some of those conditions rather than navigating them one by one.

Collective bargaining

Unionized graduate and academic workers have used collective bargaining to raise compensation and improve working conditions.

Economic Policy Institute 07
Career sustainability

The biomedical research enterprise has long struggled with whether early-career research careers are financially sustainable, predictable, and accessible to people from different backgrounds.

National Academies, Breaking Through 08
International researchers

Research on international postdocs documents gaps in pay, benefits, and mentoring, while immigration status can add another layer of dependence and uncertainty to an already contingent career stage.

Kahn & MacGarvie, Research Policy 09
Who stays in science

Underrepresented researchers face unequal pathways through biomedical science, including differences in career intentions and persistence, making working and training conditions part of the question of who gets to build a research career.

Lambert et al., eLife 10

What we've already won

This is not a hypothetical argument about what a union might do. These are provisions Fellows bargained for and ratified in the first contract.

01

Guaranteed annual pay increases and a commitment to standardize pay across NIH Institutes

02

Industry-leading protections against harassment, discrimination, and abusive conduct

03

Guaranteed paid parental leave and protected time off

04

Enforceable health and safety standards and workload protections

05

Expanded rights and immigration-related protections for Visiting Fellows

06

A fair grievance process with access to neutral arbitration

See the complete summary at uaw2750.org/what-we-won ↗ 02


What we can do when we act together

UAW 2750 is not a service we call when something goes wrong. It is us, NIH Fellows choosing to act together. And when we connect our local with tens of thousands of other UAW research and higher education workers, we can take on fights that no individual Fellow, lab, or workplace could carry alone. The shared resources matter because members built them, fund them, and use them together. 13

What happens at NIH does not stay at NIH. NIH helps set expectations for research jobs across the country. If standards are pushed down here, other institutions have cover to follow. When we raise them here, and more research workers strengthen their unions elsewhere, we can raise the floor across science together.
The power comes from people participating. Lawyers, organizers, communications tools, strike and campaign funds, and national relationships can all help. But they only become power when members join, talk with coworkers, show up, vote, testify, rally, contact lawmakers, and keep acting together. Courts can stop illegal actions and contracts can create enforceable rights, but neither one replaces workers being organized enough to make powerful institutions deal with us.
120,000+academic workers whose power grows when locals coordinate and act together 14
37 actionsorganized across the country for the April 2025 Kill the Cuts day of action 18
75,000UAW represented workers whose jobs depend on federal research grant funding 17

People made the fight for public research national

When research funding came under attack, workers did not wait for someone else to solve it. UAW members and allies organized rallies, phone banks, congressional visits, town halls, teach-ins, science events, and coordinated days of action. On April 8, 2025, tens of thousands of people took part in 37 Kill the Cuts actions across the country. Here at Local 2750, Fellows rallied outside HHS, spoke at Stand Up for Science, organized for Kill the Cuts, held science-funding town halls, and brought the case for NIH funding directly to lawmakers. Our local actions become harder to ignore when workers at universities and research institutions around the country are moving at the same time. 18

Legal action is one tool we can use together

Lawsuits are not where union power starts. They are one way organized workers can defend research, jobs, and rights when an institution or government agency breaks the law. Thousands of members pooling resources means workers can help sustain cases that would be impossible for one Fellow to take on alone, while members keep organizing publicly and politically outside the courtroom.

  • Terminated NIH grants: UAW was a plaintiff in the federal challenge to NIH directives that canceled research based on disfavored topics. In June 2025, a federal judge ordered hundreds of terminated NIH grants restored. 14
  • Thousands of stalled NIH applications: A later agreement covered roughly 5,400 NIH applications that had been frozen, denied, or withdrawn. By January 2026, NIH had issued decisions on about 700 of them and nearly 90% were approved. 15
  • Harvard research funding: UAW and AAUP were plaintiffs in the first lawsuit challenging the administration's cancellation of billions in Harvard grants. A federal judge later ruled the $2.2 billion cancellation unconstitutional. 16
  • NIH indirect costs: UAW backed the states' challenge to the proposed 15% indirect-cost cap and later filed an appellate brief describing the threat to research jobs, labs, clinical trials, and public health. The policy remains blocked. 04 17

We can make sure international workers do not face these fights alone

For researchers on visas, a workplace problem can quickly become an immigration problem too. Acting together lets members share the cost and risk of responding. We can maintain legal resources, spread reliable information quickly, organize coworkers around someone who is being targeted, challenge harmful policies, and bring public pressure when an individual worker would otherwise be isolated. 11

  • Direct support: UAW maintains an immigration legal hotline, know-your-rights resources, attorney-led webinars, and referrals for members facing immigration emergencies.
  • H-1B fee challenge: International UAW and UAW Local 4811 joined a federal lawsuit challenging the administration's $100,000 H-1B employer fee, a policy with direct consequences for postdocs, researchers, nurses, and other workers. 19
  • The “Gold Card” program: UAW joined a federal lawsuit challenging the administration's $1 million Gold Card program. That case is ongoing. 11
  • Visa status and protected speech: UAW members and allies have organized around SEVIS revocations and other immigration actions while legal challenges moved forward. UAW's Higher Education Department reports that the administration reversed SEVIS revocations after lawsuits and nationwide action by UAW members and others. 11
None of this runs on autopilot. Our local has more power when more Fellows join, talk with coworkers, come to meetings, take part in actions, and are willing to stand up for one another. If each of us has to deal with NIH alone, NIH has the advantage. When we act together here, and alongside workers across research institutions, we can change what is possible.

Sources

The point is not to ask readers to take our word for it. The reporting, agreement, research, and union materials are linked below.

01
UAW 2750, Union history and resources
02
UAW 2750, What we've won
03
“NIH postdocs, graduate students win union contract,” Science
04
“Appeals court agrees that Congress blocked cuts to research costs,” Ars Technica
05
“NIH Moves to Derecognize Union of Early-Career Researchers,” Inside Higher Ed
06
“NIH Withdraws Recognition from Union Representing Grad Students and Postdocs,” Proskauer
07
“The state of graduate student employee unions,” Economic Policy Institute
08
National Academies, The Next Generation of Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences Researchers: Breaking Through (2018)
nationalacademies.org ↗ · DOI 10.17226/25008
09
Kahn & MacGarvie, “New evidence on international postdocs in the US,” Research Policy (2024)
10
Lambert et al., “Career choices of underrepresented and female postdocs in the biomedical sciences,” eLife (2020)
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ↗ · DOI 10.7554/eLife.48774
11
UAW Higher Education Department, International Workers
12
NIH email to UAW 2750 elected local president, March 2, 2026
13
UAW Higher Education Department, Protecting Research Funding
14
UAW, Federal judge orders terminated NIH grants restored, June 17, 2025
15
UAW Higher Education update, progress on stalled NIH grant applications, January 2026
16
UAW, legal victory restoring Harvard research funding, September 2025
17
UAW appellate brief on NIH indirect-cost cuts
18
UAW, Kill the Cuts national day of action, April 8, 2025
19
UAW challenge to the $100,000 H-1B employer fee

Photo credits

Hero: Melissa Lyttle for Nature, from Max Kozlov, “Thousands of early-career NIH researchers forming union for first time,” 1 June 2023. View source ↗

A union with high membership is harder to ignore

Every Fellow in the bargaining unit is covered by the contract. Membership is how you get a vote, on leadership, on union decisions, and on what we fight for next.

UAW 2750, NIH Fellows United · Postbacs, predocs, postdocs, research and clinical fellows at NIH. · uaw2750.org